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Vitamin E

Vitamin E

Best for

Raise antioxidant vitamin levels

Large effect, needs confirmation for 3–24 weeks · 5 studies , n=293

68 papers · 4 claims · 107 outcomes scored · 3 positive

Outcomes

What vitamin e actually does, by outcome

Each row is one outcome with effect size, evidence base, the dose that worked in trials, and time to first effect. Magnitude tiers come from native-unit MCID where available, Cohen's d otherwise.

Outcome Effect Evidence Dose Weeks Rank
Raise antioxidant vitamin levels Large effect, needs confirmation
large 		5 RCTs n=293 1–400 mg 3–24 wk #2/4
Raise good cholesterol levels Promising early signal
moderate 		9 meta-analyses n=1.0k Meta-analyzed 50–1600 IU 4–96 wk —
Lower low-grade inflammation Proven but unnoticeable
trivial 		9 meta-analyses n=3.4k Meta-analyzed 15–1080 mg 8–52 wk #1/70
Lower bad and total cholesterol Slight negative signal
small 		7 meta-analyses n=1.0k Meta-analyzed 50–1600 mg 4–96 wk —
Buy well

Recommended Vitamin E products

Real products that dose Vitamin E where the research does, in a clean formulation, from brands we've audited. We only list ones we'd stand behind.

Chosen for adequate Vitamin E dosing vs. the studied range, a clean formulation (grade A–C), and independent brand-quality audits. Not sponsored.

Risk profile

Adverse events and known drug interactions

Safety events

all_cause_mortality_increase severe
Pyrexia moderate
coagulopathy_reversible moderate
Oral pain mild
Abdominal pain mild
Diarrhoea mild
Hematoma mild
dizziness

Drug interactions

Warfarin major increases toxicity
Antithrombotic Agents major increases toxicity
Digoxin moderate decreases effect
Risperidone moderate decreases effect
Aspirin moderate increases toxicity
Zidovudine moderate decreases effect
Stavudine moderate decreases effect
Atorvastatin moderate additive
Nifedipine minor unknown
Gemfibrozil minor unknown

Co-studied with

Supplements that share evidence with vitamin e

Sources

  1. 1. Biological effects of add-on eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation in diabetes mellitus and co-morbid depression: a randomized controlled trial. (2012) ↑
  2. 2. α-Tocopherol influences glycaemic control and miR-9-3 DNA methylation in overweight and obese women under an energy-restricted diet: a randomized, double-blind, exploratory, controlled clinical trial. (2018) ↑
  3. 3. Impact of Vitamin E supplementation on vascular function in haptoglobin genotype stratified diabetes patients (EVAS Trial): a randomised controlled trial. (2020) ↑
  4. 4. The Effects of Tocotrienol-Rich Vitamin E (Tocovid) on Diabetic Neuropathy: A Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial. (2020) ↑
  5. 5. Consumption of Nutritionally Enriched Hen Eggs Enhances Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation via Cyclooxygenase Metabolites in Healthy Young People-A Randomized Study. (2023) ↑
  6. 6. The effects of vitamin E or lipoic acid supplementation on oxyphytosterols in subjects with elevated oxidative stress: a randomized trial. (2017) ↑
  7. 7. Assessing the efficacy of tocotrienol-rich fraction vitamin E in obese children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a single-blind, randomized clinical trial. (2024) ↑
  8. 8. Putative analgesic activity of repeated oral doses of vitamin E in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Results of a prospective placebo controlled double blind trial. (1997) ↑
  9. 9. Vitamin C treatment reduces elevated C-reactive protein. (2009) ↑
  10. 10. Tocotrienols for normalisation of hepatic echogenic response in nonalcoholic fatty liver: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial. (2013) ↑

Generated August 14, 2026

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